Sinds de revolutie van 25 januari 2011 en de val van Hosni Moebarak is er veel gebeurd in Egypte. De Moslimbroederschap kwam na de eerste vrije verkiezingen aan de macht en een nieuwe grondwet werd aangenomen. Vervolgens werden de islamisten en president Mohammed Morsi van de Moslimbroederschap na ruim een jaar afgezet door het leger, werd er een tijdelijke regering gevormd en weer een nieuwe grondwet aangenomen. Ondertussen zijn er duizenden mensen omgekomen, met name in protesten tussen het leger en aanhangers van de Broederschap. Zij eisen dat de afgezette president Morsi wordt vrijgelaten en veroordelen wat zij noemen de “legercoup”.
In Ukraine, tensions between the people on the street and the current government are increasing every day. Demonstrations have turned deadly and hundreds have been injured as demonstrators clash with the `Berkut` the riot police. Currently, president Yanukovich is put under pressure by the outraged people, by the European Union, and even by the Russian president Putin. Even though the media have been reporting greatly on the unrest, many things remained unclear. Foundation Max van der Stoel figured it was time for a debate.
Last week Mr. Charles Goerens (ALDE), Standing Rapporteur on Policy Coherence for Development (PCD) presented his report on PCD in the European Parliament. This draft report follows up after the ‘ 2013 Spotlight Report on PCD’ by CONCORD and the European Commission biennial progress report on PCD. How can the EU improve its policies regarding development and not take away with one hand, what they give with the other. What does Goerens address in this report and what is still missing?
Algeria’s main Islamist party, the Movement for the Society of Peace (MSP), will boycott the presidential elections due to be held on April 17th. Party chief Abderrazak Mokri made the announcement on January 25 to journalists following two days of debate within the MSP. He said the party will boycott the election because of “the lack of real opportunity for political reform, the monopoly of those currently in power over the election and the fact that political demands for transparency are ignored.” Mokri said the authorities are seeking to “trump the will of the people to freely choose who governs.”
The Tunisian parliament adopted a new constitution on January 26th, the first since the overthrow of the country’s long-time ruler Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali in 2011. The new constitution replaces the constitution written in 1956 after Tunisia’s independence from France. The new constitution, which was passed by 200 votes from 216, is seen as a crucial step to getting the democratic transition back on track for establishing full democracy. ‘This constitution was the dream of Tunisians, this constitution is proof of the revival of the revolution, this constitution creates a democratic civil nation,’ National Constituent Assembly chief and leader of the social democratic Ettakatol party, Mustapha Ben Jaafar, said.The document is seen as one of the most progressive constitutions in the Arab world and Tunisia’s compromise and progress contrasts sharply with the democratic transitions in Egypt, Libya and Yemen, which are caught up in turmoil after ousting their own longstanding leaders in 2011 revolts and uprisings. Earlier this month, Tunisia’s Prime Minister Ali Larayedh stepped down and was replaced by Mehdi Jomaa as part of a deal to ease the crisis between Tunisia’s Islamist party and its secular opposition until new elections later this year.
The European Union has made clear that its role as Israel's biggest trade partner and the Palestinians' largest donor should not be taken for granted. The EU Ambassador to Israel said on January 22 that both sides of the Israeli-Palestinian peace talks risk paying a high price in losing European Union trade and aid if negotiations collapse.
Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan, making his first visit to Brussels in five years, faced sharp criticism from European Union leaders on January 21 over a crackdown on the judiciary and the police. A draft bill of Erdogan’s ruling AK Party, which would give the government greater control over the appointment of judges and prosecutors, has raised alarm in Brussels. EU leaders urged Erdogan to redraft the law, saying the bill is contrary to the European constitutional norms on the separation of powers.
De onrust in de Centraal Afrikaanse Republiek, CAR, is in het nieuws. Afgelopen maandag heeft de EU besloten om een vredesmacht te sturen. Hiervoor moeten zij wel wachten op een mandaat van de VN Veiligheidsraad. Als zij akkoord gaan kunnen EU lidstaten zich aanmelden. De missie zal naar verwachting maximaal zes maanden duren.Op dit moment zijn er al militairen aanwezig. Frankrijk stuurde in december 1600 soldaten, de Afrikaanse Unie 6000. Naast een vredesmacht hebben de deelnemende landen besloten om 336 miljoen aan noodhulp te verschaffen, waarvan twee miljoen uit Nederland komt.
On January 21st, Georgia’s Foreign Ministry expressed ‘deep concern’ over the expansion of its ‘border zone’ with Russia, where heightened security measures are enforced, 11 kilometers deeper into the breakaway region of Abkhazia. This means a shift of the Russian-Georgian state border 11 kilometers deeper into Georgian territory. This expansion, which the Georgian Foreign Ministry condemned as an ‘illegal action’, came in advance of the Winter Olympic Games in Sochi next month, which is less than 40 kilometers away from the Abkhaz section of the Georgian-Russian border. ‘The Georgian Foreign Ministry calls on the Russian Federation to stop provocative policy against Georgia and to live up to its international commitments, envisaged under the provisions of the [2008] cease-fire agreement,’ the Georgian Foreign Ministry’s statement read.
Fair Politics interviewed dr. Dereje Alemayehu, Chair of the Tax Justice Africa Network. This network seeks to promote a just and fair tax system, just like the Tax Justice Netherlands Network, of which the Foundation Max van der Stoel is a member. Dereje has a Master degree in Development Studies and a PhD in Economics. Beside his work for the Tax Justice Network, he also works for ChristianAid as country manager for East Africa.
